Concluding Techniques - AP English Language

1. Fundamental Concepts

Definition: Concluding techniques are strategies used to effectively wrap up an essay or argument, reinforcing the main points and leaving a lasting impression on the reader.
Purpose: To summarize key arguments, restate the thesis in a fresh way, and provide a final thought or call to action.
Types: Common types include summarizing the main points, posing a question, making a prediction, or issuing a call to action.

2. Key Concepts

Summarizing Main Points: $Reiterate \text{the} \ main \ points \ made \ in \ the \ essay$

Restating the Thesis: $Rephrase \ the \ thesis \ statement \ in \ a \ new \ light$

Final Thought/Call to Action: $Provide \ a \ memorable \ closing \ that \ inspires \ the \ reader$

3. Examples

Example 1 (Basic)

Problem: Write a concluding paragraph for an essay about the importance of recycling.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Summarize the main points: Recycling conserves natural resources and reduces pollution.
Restate the thesis: It is imperative that we all take responsibility for our waste management.
Provide a final thought: By making small changes in our daily habits, we can significantly contribute to a healthier planet.

Validation: The conclusion effectively summarizes the essay's main points, restates the thesis, and provides a compelling final thought.

Example 2 (Intermediate)

Problem: Write a concluding paragraph for an essay arguing that technology has both positive and negative impacts on society.

Step-by-Step Solution:

Summarize the main points: Technology has revolutionized communication but also led to privacy concerns.
Restate the thesis: While technology brings numerous benefits, it also poses significant challenges that must be addressed.
Provide a final thought: As we continue to advance technologically, it is crucial to balance innovation with ethical considerations.

Validation: The conclusion encapsulates the balanced view presented in the essay, restates the thesis, and leaves the reader with a thoughtful consideration.

4. Problem-Solving Techniques

Outlining: Create an outline before writing the conclusion to ensure all main points are covered.
Peer Review: Have classmates read your conclusion to provide feedback on clarity and impact.
Revision: Revise the conclusion multiple times to refine the language and strengthen the final message.